Succession planning is one of the most important topics in nonprofit capacity building. That wasn’t the case even 10 years ago. Today, there’s more people moving from job to job, and a large number of baby boomers retiring. Effectively filling those open positions is critical to the success of the organization.
Unfortunately, succession planning is still done quite poorly — primarily because it’s too often seen as a matter of replacing a person, rather than organizational performance management. Those two perspectives produce very different ways to do succession planning.
(Unfortunately, performance management is too often viewed only as employee performance management, and not as organizational performance management — but that’s another blog post.)
Succession planning is a management function,
not a staffing crisis.
Establish Board-approved, up-to-date personnel policies
They should include guidelines and procedures about, e.g., staffing analysis, hiring, orienting, training and organizing employees; performance management; and compensation and benefits. Those policies not only ensure fair and equitable treatment of employees — they can minimize chances that you’d lose a lawsuit with an employee.
Here’s more about personnel policies.
Conduct relevant and realistic strategic and departmental planning
The planning clarifies the most appropriate priorities for the position to address. A position, or job role, is really a means to get something done in the organization — it’s means to achieve an overall goal or address an overall priority. Why fill a position that was not designed well in the first place? Only through useful planning will the organization know if the position is designed well.
Here’s more about strategic planning.
Conduct staffing analysis to identify most appropriate roles
Too often, job roles are developed in response to recurring crises in the workplace, to an increasing amount of work that is not getting done. Instead, roles should be identified near the end of strategic planning when clarifying what expertise is needed to achieve goals. The analysis should produce up-to-date, relevant job descriptions. (There are many who assert that job descriptions are no longer a useful management tool — that’s another blog post.)
Here’s more information about staffing analysis.
Use suitable practices of employee performance management
These practices should be done regardless of whether the employee is leaving or not. They include:
- Establishing performance goals in reference to the employee’s job description and priorities for the year
- Techniques for effective delegation, not just work direction
- Getting up-to-date descriptions from the employee about his priorities, issues, plans, etc.
- Sharing useful feedback to continue to enhance the employee’s performance
- Addressing performance issues when they occur (they might require training, providing more resources, getting more from the employee or firing the employee)
Here’s more about employee performance management.
Making sure all employees go on vacation
That forces the organization to learn about — and be able to do — the jobs when the employees are gone. A supervisor might not really know what his employees are actually doing to get the job done. Ironically, the better the supervisor is at delegating, the less the supervisor might know about the details of his employee’s job.
Succession planning is about developing and implementing a system, a practice of activities on a recurring basis. Then, when an employee leaves, the system almost naturally refills the position with the most suitable candidate.
Here’s more resources about succession planning.
What do you think?
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For more resources, see our Library topic Nonprofit Capacity Building.
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Carter McNamara, MBA, PhD – Authenticity Consulting, LLC – 800-971-2250
Read my weekly blogs: Boards, Consulting and OD, Nonprofits and Strategic Planning.
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